Namuhla sizokufundisa okwengeziwe mayelana ne izingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-PC ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda zonke izingxenye ezibalulekile zekhompyutha. Ngale ndlela, ungaqala ukufunda okwengeziwe ngama-PC futhi ucabange ukuthi yiziphi izici okufanele zibe nazo ikhompuyutha yakho elandelayo ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho. Sichaza izingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-PC kanye nemisebenzi yazo eyinhloko kumhlahlandlela wethu obuyekeziwe.
Izingxenye ezi-8 ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-PC
Ngezansi sikushiyela uhlu lwethu ne izingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-PC:
Caja
Siqala umhlahlandlela wethu wezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-PC nge-chassis noma ikesi, eba yi- ingxenye equkethe zonke izakhi zangaphakathi ukwenza ikhompuyutha ngokwayo.
Ngokuvamile, aklanyelwe ukwenza ukufaka i-motherboard, ikhebula, namadrayivu kube lula ngangokunokwenzeka. Ezinye ziklanywe kahle kangangokuthi kulula ukugcina yonke into ibukeka ihlelekile futhi ibukeka, futhi.
I-Las best computer amacala Ziza ngomumo nosayizi abahlukene ukuze zithwale izinhlobo ezahlukene zezingxenye zekhompiyutha futhi zihlangabezane nezidingo zabathengi.
Izakhi zomklamo zingahluka kusukela kokulula kakhulu kuye kokuningiliziwe ngokwedlulele. Ungathola ikesi le-PC elimpunga noma elinezibani ezimibalabala ukuze ubukeke njengomdlalo.
I-Motherboard - enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-PC
I-motherboard ingenye ye izingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-PC futhi kubalulekile, njengoba kuyingxenye emaphakathi lapho konke okunye kuhlangana khonaI-motherboard iyibhodi lesifunda elilingana ngokufanelekile elivumela ezinye izici ukuthi zihlanganyele.
Inezimbobo ezibheke ngaphandle ukusuka kukesi le-PC ukuze ukwazi ukuxhuma imonitha, ukushaja ikhompuyutha yakho, noma ukuxhuma igundane. Iphinde ibe nezikhala zokunweba ukuze ukwazi ukufaka izimbobo zezinsiza ezengeziwe uma kudingeka.
Sesike sakhuluma ngayo Indlela yokukhetha i-motherboard engcono kakhulu ye-PC yethu, kodwa kufanele wazi ukuthi ziza ngosayizi abahlukene njengoba kuchaziwe kuleli thebula:
| Ipuleti lesisekelo | Ubukhulu |
| I-Pico-ITX | 100 mm x 72 mm |
| I-Nano-ITX | 120 mm x 120 mm |
| I-Mini-ITX | 170 mm x 170 mm |
| I-Micro-ATX | 244 mm × 244 mm |
| I-ATX ejwayelekile | 305 mm x 244 mm |
| I-XL-ATX | I-EVGA: 343 mm x 262 mm I-Gigabyte: 345 mm x 262 mm I-Micro-Star: 345 mm x 264 mm |
Ukunikezwa kwamandla
La amandla kagesi Ingenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-PC futhi inesibopho sayo phakela zonke ezinye izindlela zekhompuyutha. Ivamise ukuxhunywa ku-motherboard futhi ingaxhunywa ku-outlet yamandla (i-PC yedeskithophu) noma ibhethri langaphakathi (i-laptop).
I-CPU (Iyunithi Yokucubungula Eyinhloko)
La I-CPU ingubuchopho be-PC, njengoba kuyilona elisebenza kakhulu. I-CPU iyakwenza zonke izibalo ezidingekayo ohlelweni futhi ziyahlukahluka ngesivinini. I-CPU ikhiqiza ukushisa, yingakho ifeni ifakwa ngaphakathi kukhompuyutha. Uma unemibuzo mayelana iyiphi i-CPU oyidingayo, kufanele wazi ukuthi anamandla kakhudlwana ayadingeka emsebenzini ojulile wekhompiyutha noma imisebenzi edinga ukuhlela ama-software anezici eziningi noma ukuhlela amavidiyo anencazelo ephezulu.
I-RAM (Inkumbulo Yokufinyelela Okungahleliwe)
I-RAM inkumbulo yesikhashana. Uma uvula i-Microsoft Word, ikhompuyutha iyibeka ku-RAM, futhi uma uvala iwindi, leyo RAM iyakhululwa. Uma i-PC yakho ine-RAM eningi, kulapho ikwazi ukusebenza khona nezinhlelo eziningi ngasikhathi sinye. Yingakho kunjalo enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-PC.
I-Hard Disk Drive / I-Solid State Drive
Njengoba i-RAM ingeyesikhashana, I-PC yakho idinga indawo yokugcina idatha unaphakade. Yilokho i-hard drive eyenzelwe yona.
Ama-hard drive ayanensa futhi ashintshwa yiwo amadrayivu wesimo esiqinile angcono kakhulu noma amakhadi e-SD anomfundi wekhadi le-SD, aqukethe inkumbulo ekhanyayo (njengama-flash drive noma ama-smartphone). Womabili amadrayivu atholakala ngosayizi abahlukene ukuze ahambisane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene.
Ikhadi lezithombe
I-Las amakhadi ezithombe noma ama-GPU baphathe i okukhipha izithombe esikrinini. Banezinkumbulo zabo ze-RAM zokwenza le misebenzi. Bangaba ukuthenga izinhlobo ezahlukene amakhadi ihluzo ngamandla ahlukene namanani entengo.
Izintengo ze-GPU ziya ngokuya zikhuphuka emakethe yanamuhla, ngakho-ke uma ungathanda ukwakha i-PC yakho, le ngxenye ingase ingabizi.
Ama-Optical Drives
Azivamile kangako kunakuqala, kodwa amadivaysi ambalwa asenawo amadrayivu optical ukufunda ama-DVD noma ama-CD. Angasetshenziselwa ukubuka amamuvi noma ukulalela umculo, ukukopisha ulwazi kudiski engenalutho, noma ukufaka isofthiwe kudiski.
Ezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-PC
Kuye nge-PC yakho ethile, izinhlobonhlobo zamadivayisi zingaxhunywa ukuthumela idatha ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle. Amadivayisi avamile okokufaka ahlanganisa amagundane (amakhompyutha aphathekayo namaphedi wokuthinta), amakhamera ewebhu, namakhibhodi e-ergonomic, kuyilapho amadivayisi okukhiphayo ahlanganisa amaphrinta, izingqapheli, nezipikha. Imidiya ekhiphekayo njengamakhadi e-SD nama-flash drive nayo ingasetshenziswa ukudlulisa idatha phakathi kwama-PC.