- I-CPU yesimanje ihlanganisa izinzwa ezimbalwa: eyodwa ngomongo kanye nephakheji eyodwa, ngaphezu kokufundwa okuthile okufana ne-Tdie/Tctl.
- Nge-Core Temp, i-HWiNFO noma i-HWMonitor ungabona amazinga okushisa ayisisekelo kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu arekhodiwe.
- Ububanzi obujwayelekile: 40–65°C emsebenzini omncane, 60–80°C emsebenzini osindayo; ukungenelela kuyadingeka ngaphezu kuka-90°C.
Omunye wemibuzo evame kakhulu lapho siqala ukuqapha ukushisa kwephrosesa uqondile: Zingaki izinzwa lokushisa i-CPU empeleni enazo? Futhi ngamunye ukalani? Uma uvule imonitha efana ne-Core Temp noma i-HWiNFO futhi ubona izinombolo ezimbalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, ungakhathazeki, kujwayelekile: ama-CPU esimanje ahlanganisa izinzwa eziningi ezididiyelwe ukulawula ukuziphatha kwabo ngokunembile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindaweni ezishisayo noma kumakhompyutha asebenza ngokugcwele, ukugcina lokhu kulawula kusesikhathini kwenza umehluko phakathi kwe-PC ezinzile naleyo enciphisa amaza noma Iyavala ngenxa yokuvikelwa kokushisa. Ngenhlanhla, hlola izinga lokushisa Kulula futhi ungakwenza ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe ngaphandle kokuvula idivayisi noma usebenzisa i-thermometer ebonakalayo.
Zingaki izinzwa zokushisa i-CPU enazo?
Ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, ama-CPU amanje ahlanganisa izinzwa eziningana zedijithali ku-chip ngokwayo. Izinto ezivame ukutholwa yilezi: inzwa eyodwa ngomongo ngamunye futhi, okungenani inzwa yekesi yephakheji/i-CPU efingqa izinga lokushisa eliphelele lokulawula okushisayo nokuphathwa kwabalandeli.
Kusho ukuthini lokhu ngezinombolo? Uma i-CPU yakho inama-cores angu-6, uzobona okungenani 6 ukufundwa komuntu ngamunye (okukodwa ngomongo ngamunye) kanye ukufundwa kwephakheji. Ezisekelweni ze-chiplet (isb. imindeni ehlukanisa ama-cores abe ama-CCD kanye nohlelo lwe-I/O), ukufundwa kwendawo kuyengezwa, njengokwakudala. Tdie (ama-nuclei) kanye Tctl (lawula inani lokungenisa umoya). Sikhuluma ngayo izinzwa eziningi ezididiyelwe: okukodwa ngengqikithi ngayinye, inhlanganisela eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ezingeni lephakheji futhi, kuye ngomklamo, izinzwa ngebhulokhi ngayinye noma i-CCD.
Uma uvula uhlelo lokuqapha, uzobona into efana nalena: amazinga okushisa ngomongo ngamunye, inani le Iphakheji ye-CPU/Ibhokisi le-CPU futhi, kuma-AMD Ryzen processors, Tdie (ukushisa okusebenzayo kwama-cores) kanye Tctl (lawula izinga lokushisa elingase lihlanganise ama-offset engqondo yabalandeli). Uma nje ufuna ireferensi esheshayo "yempilo eshisayo", gxila kuyo Iphakheji le-CPU ne-Tdie.
Kungani kubalulekile ukuqapha lawa mazinga okushisa
Ukulawula ukushisa akuyona nje indaba yelukuluku: ugwema ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza Ngokunqanyulwa kwe-thermal, uvimbela ukuvalwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo futhi wandise impilo yesisetshenziswa. Kukusiza futhi ukuthi uhlole lokho i-heatsink kanye nokugeleza komoya Basebenza njengoba kufanele, futhi baxazulule izinkinga lapho okuthile kungahambisani nalokho okulindelekile.
Inzuzo yesibili ukwenza ngokugcwele: ngokwazi amanani angempela, ungalungisa ama-ventilation curves, thuthukisa ikesi noma unqume ukuthi kufanelekile ukushintsha unamathisele oshisayo noma i-heatsink ngokwayo. Ngereferensi ecacile (isibonelo, I-40-65 ° C ngemisebenzi elula kuma-CPU amaningi), uzokwazi uma ungaphakathi kwemingcele enengqondo.
Izimo zokulinganisa: ukuphumula, umthwalo owenziwe kanye nemidlalo
Akufani nokulinganisa ekuphumuleni kungaphansi komthwalo wangempela. Ku phendula, nge-PC kudeskithophu noma ekuphequluleni, kufanele ubone izinombolo eziphansi. Ku umthwalo wokwenziwa (Prime95, OCCT, Linpack Xtreme, Furmark, Unigine Superposition), amanani ayakhuphuka ngoba isoftware igcizelelwa kakhulu.
I-Los imidlalo Ngokuvamile zimelela umthwalo ophezulu kodwa oguquguqukayo; lapha kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele. Uma ufuna ukuyibona "in-game", I-MSI Afterburner ikuvumela ukuthi ubonise imbondela: kuzilungiselelo, ithebhu yokuqapha, hlola "Bonisa ulwazi esikrinini” ngedatha oyithandayo (idinga i-RTSS, eqala ngokuthi Afterburner).
Amazinga okushisa aphephile
Isibalo esiqondile sincike kumodeli, kodwa njengomhlahlandlela ojwayelekile wama-CPU amaningi: ngaphansi kuka-60°C Ilungele ukuphumula noma imisebenzi elula; I-60-70 ° C Ngokuvamile kuvamile emidlalweni noma emsebenzini ophakathi; I-70-80 ° C Kuyamukeleka ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo noma nge-overclocking, ngokuqapha okuseduze; I-80-90 ° C Isivele ikumema ukuthi uthuthukise ukupholisa uma ungenzi i-OC; futhi ngaphezu kuka-90 °C Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kuhle ukuthi ume futhi ubuyekeze.
Ukuze wazi umkhawulo wakho we-chip, bheka Tj. Ubukhulu ekucacisweni komkhiqizi noma kumamonitha ayibonisayo. Futhi hlola i- izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elirekhodiwe phakathi nokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka noma izikhathi eziqinile, ngoba lawa macebiso embula izinkinga ngokugeleza komoya noma ukuthintana okushisayo.
I-Tdie ne-Tctl ku-AMD, nokuthi yikuphi ukufunda okufanele kubekwe phambili
E-Ryzen, u-Tdie umele i- ukushisa kwangempela kwama-cores, futhi i-Tctl ingu-a lawula inani (kwesinye isikhathi i-offset) esetshenziswa uhlelo kubalandeli. Ukuze uhlole i-headroom yakho eshisayo, abuke uTdie nokufunda Iphakheji le-CPU. Sebenzisa i-Tctl ukuze ucule kahle amajika abalandeli uma ibhodi lakho lomama lilisebenzisa ukuze lilawule.
Kuthiwani ngezinye izinzwa zokushisa ezikhona?
Embonini uzobona izinzwa ezifana ama-thermocouples, I-RTD (PT100/PT1000) y Ama-thermistors e-NTC/PTC. Basebenza ngokuguqula izinga lokushisa libe isignali kagesi elinganayo (ngomehluko ongaba khona kuma-thermocouples, ngokuhlukahluka kokumelana ku-RTD/thermistors). Zilungele ukulinganisa kwangaphandle emishinini, emanzini noma ezindaweni ezingaphezulu.
Kwi-PC CPU, nokho, ukufunda okubona ku-Core Temp noma i-HWiNFO kuvela izinzwa zedijithali ezihlanganisiwe ku-silicon, hhayi i-PT100 noma i-thermocouple. Noma kunjalo, ukuqonda umehluko kuyasiza: ama-RTD nama-thermocouples alungele probe heatsink, radiators noma imvelo, kuyilapho izinzwa ze-on-die ze-CPU kuyizo ezinquma i- ukuziphatha okushisayo iprosesa.
Njengelukuluku, ama-thermocouples ajwayelekile (izinhlobo J, T, K, E) amboza kusuka -250 °C ngokushesha ku-1250 °C kuye ngohlobo, kanye neplatinamu RTDs ezifana PT100 Ziyaziwa ngokunemba kwazo kanye nokuvikeleka komsindo. lefoni kusetshenziswa ukulinganisa okungaxhunywanga izinto ezihambayo noma okunzima ukufinyelela kukho, ukulungisa ukuthuthwa kwamanzi nezihlungi ezivela kusofthiwe.
Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso nendlela yokuhumusha okufundwayo
Nge-hardware yesimanje, kuyinto evamile ukuxubha ngokumelene ne- I-80-90 ° C ngaphansi kwemithwalo enzima uma umenzi ephusha amaza kanye nama-voltages ukuze anikeze ukusebenza okuphezulu. Into ekhathazayo ukubona lawa mazinga okushisa ukusetshenziswa okunesizotha, isaziso i-thermal throttling okusobala noma ukuthi okokusebenza kuhlala kushisa ngendlela engavamile lapho uphumule.
Ithrekhi eyengeziwe yile izinga lokushisa le-motherboard (ngokuvamile kubonakala eduze kwama-voltage +12V, +5V, +3.3V). Uma iphezulu, imvelo yangaphakathi yecala impofu futhi kuhle ukuhlola umoya omncane kanye nothuli oluqoqiwe.
Uwehlisa kanjani amazinga okushisa uma esephezulu kakhulu
Qala ngezisekelo: hlanza i-PC yakho kahle (abalandeli, izihlungi, i-heatsink), hlola ukuthi umoya ugeleza ngendlela ehambisanayo nokuthi abalandeli baphenduke njengoba kufanele. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kukodwa kungaholela kumadigri amaningana.
Uma i-heatsink yakho isineminyaka yobudala, vuselela unamathisele oshisayo ngenhlanganisela yekhwalithi futhi usebenzise inani elifanele (ukwehla ngokuvamile kwanele). Qinisekisa ukuthi ibhulokhi ihlezi ngokulinganayo nangokucindezela okufanele, ngoba ukuthintana okungalungile adubule uTdie ngaphandle kwesixazululo sesoftware.
Thuthukisa ukuhamba komoya wecala: engeza noma hambisa abalandeli, gwema izithiyo ngaphambili nendawo yokukhipha umoya, futhi ucabangele i-chassis evulekile uma umklamo wamanje ukhawula. Lungisa ama-ventilation curves isiza ukugcina amaphuzu aphezulu ngaphandle kokuba okokusebenza kuhlale kuvolumu egcwele.
Uma kungekho kulokhu okwanele, cabanga a i-heatsink ephezulu (i-air cooler enkulu noma i-AIO) ngokuya nge-CPU yakho. Kwezinye izimo, ukuthuthukisa kusuka kwesisekelo kuya kwesipholile sekhwalithi kwenza umehluko omkhulu ekunakekeleni imvamisa.
Njengereferensi yemishini enamandla nepholile kahle evela efekthri, kukhona amalaptop wegeyimu namadeskithophu anezinhlanganisela ezifana I-Intel Core i5-12450H y I-NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 ezenzelwe ukumelana nezikhathi ezinzima; uma ufuna ukuvuselela i-PC yakho, ukunikezwa kwe amakhompyutha edeskithophu esizukulwane sakamuva Ngokuvamile iza nezixazululo ezithule nezisebenzayo ezishisayo.
Izimo ezikhethekile: uma usola inzwa noma isofthiwe
Kumakhompyutha amadala (isibonelo, a I-Pentium 4 ku-3.0 GHz no-512 MB) uyabona 50-60 ° C ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala kanye neziqongo ezingu-70°C ngokuqalisa kabusha. Uma i-PC ingaqali kabusha "kwimodi ephephile", kungase kube khona abashayeli noma amasevisi lokho kushaja kwimodi evamile futhi kubhebhethekise inkinga, kunokwehluleka kwenzwa ngokwayo.
Ngaphambi kokusola inzwa, hlola: ukuthi ukushisa usinki kufanelekile (ezinye izitoko ezindala ziphenduka ngo-2200 rpm futhi azifani namamodeli angu-3200–4000 rpm), ukuthi ukunamathisela okushisayo kusetshenziswe kahle nokuthi ukuxhumana kuphelele. Ukuvula ikhava eseceleni akusizi ngaso sonke isikhathi; ngezinye izikhathi kwenza ukugeleza kube kubi.
Uma uzwa imisindo eyinqaba evela kudiski Ngaphambi nje kokusetha kabusha, iphinda yehlise amandla nesitoreji. Ngama-voltage anjenge +12V ~12.14V, +5V ~5.12V, +3.3V ~3.33V Ingase ibukeke ilungile, kodwa ifonti endala ingaba awe ngaphansi komthwalo. Akweluleki ukuthi "uvale inzwa" ukuze uhlole: into enengqondo ukuyenza lungisa imbangela yokushisa noma ukungazinzi kwesoftware/komshayeli.
Isikhumbuzi: Izinzwa ku-GPU, i-motherboard nokunye
Ngokungeziwe ku-CPU, isistimu yakho iveza izinzwa zivuliwe GPU (izinga lokushisa le-chip ne-hotspot), umama (i-chipset, indawo ye-VRM), amadiski (SMART) kanye nemvelo ye ibhokisi. Ukuwabuka ngokuhambisana ne-HWiNFO noma i-Open Hardware Monitor kukunikeza a isithombe esigcweleUma yonke into iphakeme, inkinga ivamise ukuba ne-chassis/airflow; uma kuphela i-CPU igxuma, ikhomba ku-heatsink/paste/voltages.
I-CPU yesimanje ihlanganisa izinzwa eziningana lokushisa: okukodwa ngomgogodla ngamunye, ukufundwa kwephakethe elihlanganisiwe, futhi, kuye ngesakhiwo, izinzwa nge-chiplet ngayinye noma ibhulokhi. Ngamathuluzi afana ne-Core Temp, i-HWiNFO, i-HWMonitor, i-NZXT CAM, noma i-Open Hardware Monitor, ungabuka ukufunda ngakunye ngesikhathi sangempela, qonda ukuthi izibalo zakho zijwayelekile yini (ngokuhambisana nokulayisha kanye nemodeli) futhi usebenze ngokuhlanza, ukunamathisela, ukugeleza komoya kanye nokulahla. Uma uqapha i-Tdie/Package futhi ugcine okokusebenza kungenalutho, uzokujabulela ukusebenza okuzinzile futhi ngaphandle kokwesaba okushisayo iminyaka.