- Ukuphinda kuvele izithombe ze-analog nezisheshayo, kanye nesidingo esikhulu samakhamera amafilimu nama-retro njenge-Polaroid.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhamera edijithali kwabaqalayo, abadali bokuqukethwe, kanye nochwepheshe abanesabelomali esincane.
- Ukuvela kwamagajethi, amakhamera amancane, ama-drone, kanye namafoni eselula ane-AI kwandisa ukusetshenziswa futhi kudala izinselele zomthetho kanye nobumfihlo.
- Ukubaluleka komlando namasiko kwezithombe, kusukela kuLeica nase-Everest kuya emibukisweni, ubuciko, kanye nezingxoxo mayelana nokuphathwa kabi.
Umhlaba wamakhamera nezithombe ubhekene nesikhathi esingavamile kodwa esithakazelisayo: kuyilapho ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nama-smartphone akamuva kubonakala sengathi alungele ukubusa yonke into, amakhamera e-analog, izithombe ezisheshayo zesitayela se-Polaroid, ngisho nama-albhamu ezithombe amaphepha ajabulela ukuphinda avele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuvela amadivayisi amangalisayo, njengekhamera efakwe ngaphakathi kwesitsha sendlu yangasese ukuqapha impilo, amakhamera amancane alingana nedayi, kanye namagajethi okuqopha kusuka kuma-engeli ayebonakala engenakwenzeka ngaphambilini.
Kulesi sihloko, sibuyekeza, ngokuningiliziwe nangendlela enobungane, izindaba eziphawuleka kakhulu ezizungeze amakhamera: kusukela ekuqhathanisweni kwakamuva kwamamodeli abaqalayo, ochwepheshe, kanye nabadali bokuqukethwe, kuya ekuvuselelweni kwe-analog, ukusetshenziswa kokudala nobuciko, izindaba zomthetho nezobumfihlo , ukuphepha, ukuqapha, kanye nezinto zobuchwepheshe ezithakazelisa kakhulu. Konke lokhu kuhlanganiswe ndawonye embhalweni owodwa ukukunikeza umbono ophelele walokho okwenzekayo kulo mkhakha.
Ifa likaLeica kanye nendima ye-Ukraine emlandweni wamakhamera
Ukukhuluma ngamakhamera akunakugwenywa ukukhuluma ngeLeica. Le nkampani yaseJalimane yaphawula inguquko lapho yenza ikhamera encane engu-35mm yathandwa kakhulu eyashintsha unomphela indlela okwakuthathwa ngayo izithombe, kokubili ngokomsebenzi naphakathi kwabaqalayo . Edolobheni laseWetzlar, eJalimane, lo mkhiqizo udale indawo enesihloko sokugubha iminyaka eyikhulu yale divayisi edumile, eye yaba uphawu lwezizukulwane eziningana zabathwebuli bezithombe.
Ithonya likaLeica lalilikhulu kangangokuthi ezindaweni ezifana neKharkiv, e-Ukraine, kwakhiqizwa amakhamera ayecishe abe ama-clones alawo mamodeli omlando . Indawo eyayiyi-commune yaguqulwa yaba yifektri ye-FED, okwathi, kanye neminye imikhiqizo ezweni, yaguqula lesi sifunda saba yipharadesi langempela lamakhophi aphefumulelwe yinkampani yaseJalimane edumile. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kobunjiniyela bendawo kanye nomklamo waseJalimane kwaqinisa isikhundla sase-Ukraine njengenye yezikhungo ezinkulu zokukhiqiza amakhamera zekhulu lama-20.
Leli fa lisaphila kakhulu: namuhla lo mkhiqizo ubamba imibukiso, okuhlangenwe nakho okujulile, kanye nokuvakasha okuqondiswayo ezindaweni zawo, okugqamisa indlela leyo nkampani encane eyavula ngayo umnyango wezithombe zesimanje, izithombe zasemgwaqweni, kanye nokubika okusheshayo . Konke esikuthatha kalula manje—amakhamera alula, ayimfihlo, futhi aphathwayo—kunezimpande zalo kulolu shintsho lobuchwepheshe.
Izithombe ze-analog, izithombe kanye nokuzalwa kabusha kwe-retro
Esikhathini sokusakaza, ifu, kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana, kungase kubonakale kungenangqondo ukuthi amakhamera e-analog kanye nezithombe ezisheshayo ziyabuya. Kodwa-ke, iqiniso liwukuthi abantu abaningi, abancane nabadala, babuyela kumafilimu, ngokushesha nje, kanye nokukhula ngokomzimba . Izithombe zamakhemikhali zibhekwa njengeziyiqiniso, ezingasheshi, futhi ezinothando oluthile kunokuthwebula okungapheli kwefoni ephathekayo.
Amabhizinisi agxile kumafilimu azizwa kahle kakhulu ngale miphumela: izitolo zomakhelwane kanye nama-lab ochwepheshe abika ukuthi izindleko zawo zikhuphuke kangakanani, kwezinye izimo ziphindwe kathathu, kuyilapho isidingo sefilimu yezithombe evamile sikhuphuke kakhulu, okuholele ekushodeni . Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu yokubusa okucishe kube okuphelele kweKodak neFujifilm kulesi sigaba, esigxila ekukhiqizweni ezandleni ezimbalwa nje.
Lokhu kuchuma akugcini nje ngamakhamera e-analog akudala. Kukhona nokwanda okukhulu kwamakhamera angasetshenziswa kabusha ane-flash, amakhamera amancane asetshenziswa kanye, kanye namamodeli alula aklanyelwe amaphathi, imishado, noma amaholide empelasonto. Izinsizakalo eziningi zamanje zivelele ngokuba lula, ziqukethe imiklamo ejabulisayo, amakesi afanayo, ngisho nezinhlelo ezikhethekile ezikhanga lowo mqondo wesimanje kodwa onesitayela sesimanje.
Ukuthanda i-analog kuqiniswa yinto ebanzi: izifundo kanye nochwepheshe bakhombisa ukuthi, emisebenzini ethile, ipensela, iphepha, kanye nokuxhumana okuqondile akusakwazi ukushintshwa . Njengoba nje i-vinyl ibuye kabusha—futhi kwezinye izimakethe, amarekhodi e-vinyl amaningi manje athengiswa kunama-CD—izithombe ze-analog zithathe indawo yazo ezweni elibuswa amaphikseli.
Lo mongo uchaza lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuselelwa kwe-Polaroid. Amakhamera asheshayo, athuthukisa izithombe ngemizuzwana embalwa nje, asuke ekubeni yinto ekhumbulekayo eya ekubeni yinto ethandwayo phakathi kwezizukulwane ezintsha. Izinkulungwane zentsha zithatha izithombe, zigqoke izesekeli, futhi zithwebula izithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuze zenze imichilo yezithombe ezinyathelisiwe ezibe sezinamathiselwa odongeni, zigcinwe kuma-albhamu, noma zishintshaniswe njengezikhumbuzo zezikhathi ezikhethekile.
I-Polaroid, ubuciko kanye nemibukiso egubha izithombe ezisheshayo
Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwayo kokuzijabulisa, amakhono okuthwebula izithombe ngokushesha athole indawo ebalulekile ezweni lobuciko. Izikhungo zamasiko ezifana neBarrié Foundation e-A Coruña zikhuthaze imibukiso ebonisa indlela ikhamera edumile ye-Polaroid kanye nohlobo lwayo oluhlukile lwefilimu olunikeze ngayo abaculi insimu entsha yokuzihlola.
Omunye wale mibukiso ubonisa izithombe ezingaphezu kuka-300 kanye namamodeli ahlukene amakhamera asheshayo, elandelela umlando wePolaroid kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo kuze kube yilapho ihlanganiswa njengesithonjana sesiko elidumile sengxenye yesibili yekhulu lama-20 . Le mibukiso ikwenza kucace ukuthi ukuthwebula izithombe ngokushesha kwakungeyona nje "ithoyizi" lokuthatha izithombe ezisheshayo, kodwa kwakuyithuluzi lokudala lokuhlola imibala, ukuthungwa, ukwakheka, kanye namasu okuphatha.
Lo mbukiso uhlanganisa imisebenzi yabaculi abasebenzise ukushesha kwale ndlela ukuze baphathe ngqo i-emulsion, bafake izithombe, noma badlale ngemiphetho yephepha. Le nkululeko—okunzima ukuyikopisha ngezindlela eziqinile—ichaza ukuthi kungani i-Polaroid yaba yinto efiselekayo kubadali abaningi kanye nento efiselekayo emphakathini jikelele , ikakhulukazi enkathini yangaphambi kwedijithali.
Okwamanje, imakethe yamanje inikeza izinhlobo ezinhle zefilimu esheshayo yezinhlelo ezahlukene: kusukela ezinkethweni zomkhiqizo we-Polaroid kuya kwezinye izindlela ezivela ku-Kodak noma ku-Fujifilm. Lawa ma-emulsion akuvumela ukuthi uphinde uphile okuhlangenwe nakho kwakudala ngamakhamera akudala noma ujabulele imishini yesimanje enamakhono asheshayo abuyekeziwe , futhi ayisici esibalulekile ekubuyeni kabusha kwale fomethi.
Ama-albhamu ephepha, inkumbulo, kanye nendlela esibheka ngayo izithombe
Enye yezingxoxo eziphindaphindayo mayelana nokuthwebula izithombe ihlobene nendlela esidla ngayo izithombe. Labo abaphila enkathini yama-albhamu ezithombe avamile bagcizelela ukuthi ukubona izithombe eziphrintiwe ephepheni kusimema ukuba sime, sibheke eduze, futhi sikhumbule ngendlela ehlukile . Ukuvula i-albhamu ebonakalayo nokuphenya amakhasi kudala okuhlangenwe nakho okucishe kube yisiko omakhalekhukhwini, ngenxa yokugcwala kokuqukethwe, abakwazi ukukuphinda.
Sigcina izinkulungwane zezithombe kuma-smartphone noma kumakhompyutha ethu, kodwa eziningi zigcina zilahlekile phakathi kwezithombe-skrini, ama-meme, namavidiyo. Lokhu kuqongelela okuqhubekayo kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukugxila ezikhathini ezithile , noma ngabe sisho okuhlukile . I-albhamu yezithombe ephepheni, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iveza ukukhetha okuhlosiwe: isithombe ngasinye sikhethiwe, sanyatheliswa, futhi sabekwa ngenhloso ethile, okusinika isisindo esihlukile semizwa.
Lokhu kubuyela kwezokuxhumana ezibonakalayo kubonakala nesidingo esikhulayo sezinsizakalo zokunyathelisa ngedijithali nama-albhamu ezithombe enziwe ngokwezifiso. Imikhiqizo emikhulu, esunguliwe kulo mkhakha, iqaphela leli thuba, iqinisa amabhizinisi ayo okuthwebula izithombe ngokusebenzisa abadali bokuqukethwe, imithombo yezokuxhumana, kanye nemikhiqizo ephrintiwe esezingeni eliphezulu . Eqinisweni, ukuphrinta kusalokhu kungenye yezinto ezibangela imali engenayo ezinkampanini eziningi ezixhumene nezithombe zendabuko.
Amakhamera abadali, abaqalayo, kanye nochwepheshe ngesabelomali esincane
Nakuba izithombe ze-analog ziphinde zavela, ingxenye yedijithali isaphila kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekudalweni kokuqukethwe. Abakhiqizi abanjengoCanon, Nikon, Pentax, Sony, kanye nePanasonic banikeza amakhamera ahlukahlukene kubasebenzisi abafuna ukudlulela ngale kwezithombe zeselula ngaphandle kokuthatha isinyathelo sokuya emishinini yobuchwepheshe ebizayo.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwakamuva kugxile kakhulu kumamodeli aklanyelwe abaqalayo noma abathandi abathuthukile: imizimba emincane kakhulu ene-ergonomics enhle kanye nokusebenza okulinganiselayo. Izici ezifana nekhwalithi yesithombe, ukusebenza okuphansi kokukhanya, ukuqoshwa kwevidiyo okunesinqumo esiphezulu, kanye nokulula kokusetshenziswa kuyahlaziywa . Amaningi alawa mamodeli anentengo efanele, okwenza izithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu zitholakale kalula kulabo abanesabelomali esincane.
Lezi zivivinyo zihlola namakhamera e-DSLR angabizi kulabo abafuna ukuqala ngalolu hlelo: Amamodeli e-Canon, Nikon, kanye ne-Pentax, yize engekho ezingeni eliphezulu, anikeza ama-viewfinders asezingeni eliphezulu, izinhlelo zokugxila ezithembekile, kanye nokusebenza okuqinile kwezithombe zomphakathi, zezwe, noma zesithombe . Kulabo abavela kuma-smartphone, intuthuko ekulawuleni ngesandla kanye namathuba okudala iyamangalisa.
Esigabeni somdali wokuqukethwe, eminye imikhiqizo yethule amakhamera edijithali amancane, angenazibuko ahloselwe ama-vlogger, abasakaza ividiyo, kanye nabasebenzisi ababeka phambili ividiyo. Lawa mamodeli ngokuvamile afaka izikrini zokuthinta ezinama-engeli amaningi, izinhlelo zokuzinza ezithuthukisiwe, i-eye autofocus, okokufaka kwemakrofoni yangaphandle, kanye nezindlela ezizenzakalelayo ezenzelwe ukuqopha nokushicilela ngokushesha . Konke lokhu kuhloselwe amapulatifomu afana ne-YouTube, i-Twitch, i-Instagram, kanye ne-TikTok.
Okunye okuphawulekayo yindaba yenkampani enkulu yokuthwebula izithombe yaseJapan—enesiko elide lamakhamera namaphrinta—ebelokhu iqondisa ingxenye yebhizinisi layo ekuphathweni kwedatha kanye nezixazululo zobungcweti, kodwa ngaphandle kokulahla ngokuphelele imakethe yemishini yezithombe kanye nokuphrinta kwedijithali. Lokhu kuthuthuka kubonisa indlela izinkampani esezinesikhathi eside zidinga ukuzivuselela ngayo ukuze zisinde ekuguqukeni kwedijithali ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ubunikazi bazo obuyinhloko.
Amagajethi, amakhamera amancane namadivayisi ama-engeli angenakwenzeka
Ukusungula izinto ezintsha emhlabeni wezithombe akugcini nje kumakhamera avamile. Amagajethi amaningi asedumile, avumela ukuqoshwa ezimweni ezinzima noma emibonweni eyayingafinyeleleki ngaphambili. Phakathi kwawo kukhona amakhamera amancane aqinile kakhulu akwazi ukuqopha ku-Full HD futhi athwebule izithombe ze-multi-megapixel , naphezu kokuba amasentimitha angu-3,5 kuphela ohlangothini ngalunye.
Lawa madivayisi amancane, aklanyelwe ukucwiliswa emanzini futhi angashaqeki, asetshenziswa kokubili emisebenzini yezemidlalo nasezimweni zansuku zonke lapho ikhamera evamile ingaba nkulu kakhulu noma ibe buthakathaka. Ngenxa yamakesi awo okuvikela kanye nokuqina, lawa makhamera amancane amelana nokugoba, ukuchaphazeka, udaka, nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezenzekayo , okwenza abe amathuluzi aphelele kulabo abafuna ukubhala phansi konke ngokuphelele.
Amanye amagajethi akuvumela ukuthi unamathisele ikhamera kuma-helmet, ama-surfboard, ama-handlebars, ama-helmet okukhuphuka, noma ngisho nezilwane ezifuywayo. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthwebula imibono enamandla noma ethinta inhliziyo enezela umbono omusha kumavidiyo okuhamba, ezemidlalo eziyingozi, noma imisebenzi yomndeni . Kwabadali abaningi, lezi zesekeli zivule umhlaba omusha wokuxoxa izindaba.
Amakhamera ezenzo angangeni manzi ezingane nawo athole ukuthandwa, anemiklamo ejabulisayo, amakesi aqinile, ngisho nemidlalo yemfundo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Umqondo uwukuba izingane ezincane zijwayelane nokuthwebula izithombe ngendlela yokudlala, zifunde ukufometha izithombe, zinakekele imishini, futhi zixoxe izindaba ezithombeni ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuphula idivayisi ebucayi.
Ukukhanyisa, indawo yokugcina izinto, kanye nezesekeli zokuthuthukisa izithombe zakho
Esinye isici esivame ukunganakwa kodwa esibalulekile kwikhwalithi yokugcina yezithombe namavidiyo ukusetshenziswa kwezesekeli. Phakathi kwalokhu, izibani zendandatho namaphaneli e-LED amancane ayagqama, aklanyelwe ukunikeza ukukhanya okulinganayo kwama-selfie, amavidiyo amafushane, noma ukusakaza bukhoma . Lawa madivayisi asiza ekunciphiseni izithunzi ezinzima, athambise ubuso, futhi adale ukubukeka kobungcweti, ngisho nalapho eqopha ekhaya.
Ngokuphathelene nesitoreji, amakhadi ememori angu-256GB ahlolwe angagcini nje ngokugcina izithombe namavidiyo kodwa futhi avumela ukufakwa okuqondile kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kumadivayisi athile ahambisanayo . Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi kumakhamera ezenzo, ama-consoles egeyimu aphathwayo, kanye namanye amafoni e-Android asekela lolu hlobo lokusetshenziswa, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe umthamo wesitoreji osebenzayo wesistimu.
Ama-tripod amancane aguqulwa abe yizinti ze-selfie athole indawo yawo phakathi kwalabo abavame ukuhamba. Lezi zisekeli ezilula zingasetshenziswa ngendlela yendabuko endaweni, kodwa futhi zinwebeka ukuze zibambe ifoni ephathekayo noma ikhamera encane kude . Eziningi zifaka phakathi i-Bluetooth remote shutter remote kanye nezibani ezincane ze-LED zokugcwalisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhanya ezigcawini ezihamba ngokushesha.
Ukuze kuthuthwe imishini, izikhwama zangemuva nezikhwama eziqondene nekhamera zihlala zibalulekile. Amamodeli amanje avame ukufaka izihlukanisi ezilungisekayo, izindawo ezinikezelwe amalensi, ama-flash, nezesekeli , kanye namapokhethi aneziphu zamakhadi ememori, amabhethri, nezinye izinto ezincane. Ukumelana namanzi kanye nezintambo ezisebenza kahle nakho sekuyinto ejwayelekile.
Okokugcina, ifilimu esheshayo yanamuhla, kokubili ye-Polaroid nezinye izinhlelo, ikuvumela ukuthi ujabulele ukuphrinta okubonakalayo ngokushesha ngeziphetho ezahlukene, amafomethi, kanye nozimele bokuhlobisa . Lokhu kusiza ukwenza amakhamera asheshayo kungabi ithuluzi lezithombe nje kuphela, kodwa futhi abe yingxenye yokuveza okudala nokwenhlalo emibuthanweni, emicimbini, nasemikhosini.
Ama-Smartphones anamakhamera athuthukile kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-AI
Indima ye-smartphone kule ndawo yokusebenza kunzima ukuyigcizelela. Abasebenzisi abaningi manje bathatha izithombe kuphela ngamafoni abo, ngakho-ke imikhiqizo iyancintisana ukunikeza izinzwa ezinesinqumo esiphezulu, ukuzinza kwesithombe okubonakalayo, kanye nezindlela zasebusuku ezinamandla ngokwengeziwe . Kunamamodeli aphakathi nendawo afaka izikrini ze-Full HD, imiklamo emincane kakhulu, namakhamera okwakufanelekela idivayisi ephambili eminyakeni embalwa edlule.
Isibonelo samuva nje yileso somkhiqizi omkhulu waseMelika oshintshe ngokuphelele enye yamafoni akhe aphathekayo angabizi kakhulu. Le divayisi ifaka isixhumi se-USB-C, ukuqashelwa kobuso, ukuxhumana kwesathelayithi kwezimo eziphuthumayo, kanye nokusekelwa kwezinsizakalo zobuhlakani bokwenziwa ezikhiqizayo ezisiza ukuhlela izithombe, ukuhlela okuqukethwe, ngisho nokudala imiphumela ekhethekile ngokuthepha okumbalwa nje.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa ezithuthukisiwe nesofthiwe ethuthukisiwe, kanye neprosesa yesignali yesithombe (i-ISP) , kuvumela ifoni ukuthi iphathe izigcawu eziyinkimbinkimbi: kusukela esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku esigcwele izinkanyezi kuya kuma-portraits anezizinda ezifiphele noma izindawo ezinendawo eziguquguqukayo eziphakeme. Ngenxa yalokho, kubasebenzisi abaningi, i-smartphone isibe ikhamera yabo eyinhloko, futhi cishe kuphela , ebeka amakhamera aqinile endabuko ekusetshenzisweni okukhethekile kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi zalezi zingcingo zihlanganiswa nezesekeli ezifana nama-tripod, izibani ezikhalayo, ama-gimbal, nama-microphone angaphandle, okudala ama-studio amancane okuqopha aphathwayo. Kulapha lapho ukuhlangana kwezithombe zeselula, ukudala okuqukethwe, kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana kuqhuba khona ukusungula izinto ezintsha embonini.
Ama-drone anamakhamera kanye nezimfuneko zomthetho zokundiza
Ama-drone ekhamera asethandwa kakhulu ngokuqopha amavidiyo amahle asemoyeni, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwawo kuhilela izibopho abathengi abaningi abangazazi. Nakuba abakhiqizi bengavamile ukukusho ngokucacile, lawa madivayisi angaphansi kwemithetho yokundiza yezindiza ezingenamuntu , ehlanganisa ukubhaliswa, imikhawulo yokuphakama, izindawo zokukhishwa, kanye nemithetho ethile yezwe.
Ukuze usebenzise i-drone yekhamera ngendlela efanele, kubalulekile ukuqaphela imithetho yendawo: lapho ungandiza khona, ukuthi ukuphakama kangakanani, ukuthi kudingeka izitifiketi noma amalayisense, nokuthi ungayihlonipha kanjani imithetho yobumfihlo nokuphepha kwabanye abantu . Ukungazinaki lezi zibopho kungaholela ezinhlawulweni nasezinkingeni zomthetho, kanye nezingxabano nomakhelwane noma iziphathimandla.
Uma kuziwa ekusetshenzisweni kwezokuzijabulisa, imithetho eminingi ihlinzeka ngezimo ezihlukile ezindizeni ezincane nasezindaweni eziphakeme, kodwa kusadingeka ukuthi indiza ihlale ibonwa, ingandizi phezu kwezixuku, futhi ihloniphe ingqalasizinda ebucayi njengezikhumulo zezindiza, imigwaqo emikhulu, noma izikhungo ezibalulekile.
Amakhamera, ukuphepha, ubumfihlo kanye nemicimbi yamanje
Indima yamakhamera ekuphenyweni kwezokuphepha kanye namaphoyisa nayo igqanyisiwe emibikweni eminingana yezindaba yakamuva. Kwezinye izimo, abomthetho bathole futhi babamba abasolwa ngenxa yokuqoshwa kwamakhamera okuqapha noma amadivayisi afakwe ngasese emakhaya, emabhizinisini, noma ezindaweni zomphakathi.
Kuye kwenziwa imisebenzi yokulwa namaqembu ezigebengu azinikele ekwebeni kanye nobugebengu obunye emadolobheni afana ne-A Coruña ne-Alicante, lapho amaphoyisa ethe khona ukuphanga okuningana kubaboshwa abasebenza ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zezwe. Amakhamera okuphepha, omphakathi nawangasese, adlale indima ebalulekile ekwakheni kabusha ukunyakaza, ukuhlonza labo abahilelekile, kanye nokwethula ubufakazi.
Emongweni wobudlova obusekelwe ebulilini, kube namacala okuboshwa kwabasolwa abake bagwetshwa ngaphambilini ngohlobo olufanayo lobugebengu, lapho ubufakazi obuzwakalayo nobedijithali bube yinto ebalulekile ekusekeleni uphenyo. Lezi zenzakalo ziphakamisa impikiswano mayelana nendlela ubuchwepheshe obungasiza ngayo ekuvikeleni izisulu, kodwa futhi nendlela ubumfihlo babo bonke abathintekayo okufanele buphathwe ngayo.
Okukhathazayo ngokufanayo yizigameko ezihilela amakhamera afihliwe ezindaweni ezizimele. Elinye icala eliye laba yizihloko zezindaba lihilela iklabhu yezemidlalo yabesifazane, amalungu ayo athole idivayisi yokuqopha esebenza endaweni . Ngemva kwesikhalazo, kwaqalwa uphenyo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ubani owayenecala kanye nokusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwale vidiyo, okugqamisa ubucayi balokhu kwephulwa kobumfihlo.
Komunye umsebenzi, amaphoyisa kazwelonke abopha indoda eneminyaka engu-27 ubudala ngemuva kokuba omunye wezisulu embambe oqotsheni futhi wanquma ukubika lesi sigameko. Izimo ezinjengalezi zigcizelela ukubaluleka kokubika noma yikuphi ukusola kokuqoshwa okungavunyelwene ngakho kanye nokufuna ukulawula okuqinile emakamelweni okushintshela, ezindlini zangasese, nakwezinye izindawo ezibucayi kakhulu.
Ikhamera ngaphakathi endlini yangasese: impilo, i-AI, kanye nomuzwa wokubukwa
Phakathi kwezindaba eziphawuleka kakhulu ukwethulwa kwekhamera enolwazi oluphezulu yendlu yokugezela efakwe ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nezinzwa ezifakwe ngaphakathi kwesitsha sendlu yangasese ukuqapha izinkomba zezempilo . Le divayisi ihlaziya ngokuzenzakalelayo imingcele engaveza izinkinga zezokwelapha, ithembisa ukuthola izifo ezithile kusenesikhathi.
Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyinqaba ekuqaleni, ukuqonda okusekelwe kulo mbono kunengqondo kwezokwelapha: ulwazi oluningi mayelana nempilo yethu lungatholakala kulokho esikushiya endlini yangasese. Kodwa-ke, umqondo wokuba nekhamera nezinzwa endaweni eseduze kangaka uvusa impikiswano enkulu mayelana nokuthi sizimisele kangakanani ukudela ubumfihlo egameni lokuqapha impilo.
Lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe luphakamisa imibuzo eyinkimbinkimbi: ukuthi ubani onokufinyelela kudatha, ukuthi igcinwa kanjani, ukuthi ingasetshenziswa yini ngezinjongo zezentengiselwano noma izinkampani zomshuwalense, nokuthi kwenzekani uma uhlelo luba nokwephulwa kokuphepha. Lokhu kuyizinto ezibalulekile ezikhathazayo, futhi ochwepheshe abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi ngabe sithatha ngokweqile yini le nkinga yokuqapha konke esikwenzayo nsuku zonke.
Abantu abangosomcabango ezithombeni kanye nempikiswano ngokuphathwa kabi
Ingxoxo ngamakhamera nezithombe ithinta namagama amakhulu embonini. Omunye wabaziwayo kakhulu nguSteve McCurry, umthwebuli wezithombe waseMelika kanye nelungu le-ejensi yeMagnum, odumile ngesithombe sakhe sango-1985 sentombazane yase-Afghanistan ekamu lababaleki , esibe ngesinye sezithombe ezidumile ze-photojournalism yanamuhla.
Naphezu kodumo lwakhe, umsebenzi kaMcCurry ube yinkinga eminyakeni yamuva nje ngemuva kokwembulwa ukuthi eminye yemisebenzi yakhe ishintshiwe ngedijithali. Umthwebuli wezithombe ngokwakhe uveze ukungajabuli kwakhe ngokuthi, njengoba esho, uzokhunjulwa kakhulu ngalezi zimpikiswano kunomsebenzi wakhe . Leli cala livuselele impikiswano mayelana nemingcele yokuhlela ezithombeni ezibhaliwe kanye nomugqa ohlukanisa ukuphinda kulungiswe okusemthethweni nokukhohlisayo.
Okwamanje, abanye ochwepheshe babelana ngamasu namathiphu okuthuthukisa izithombe, kokubili ngamakhamera nama-smartphone. Abathwebuli bezithombe abanjengoTino Soriano, uDavid de la Iglesia, u-Iván González, noJavier Martínez Morán bachaza ukuthi, ngale kwemishini, isihluthulelo ukufunda ukufunda ukukhanya, ukubhala, nokubona kusengaphambili isikhathi esibalulekile . Kusukela lapho, ukulungiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokucubungula ngemuva kokucubungula kuyasiza, kodwa akuthathi indawo yeso lomthwebuli wezithombe.
Amakhamera emlandweni: kusukela ku-Everest kuya ezincwadini zabafundi
Amakhamera abe khona ngezikhathi ezibalulekile emlandweni. Isibonelo esivamile uhambo lwase-Everest lukaGeorge Mallory no-Andrew Irvine, abanyamalala cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule ngesikhathi bezama ukufika esicongweni. Kuze kube namuhla, izinsalela zika-Irvine noma ikhamera ayeyiphethe azikatholakali , futhi lokhu kungaxazulula enye yezimfihlakalo ezinkulu zokukhuphuka izintaba: ukuthi bafike yini esicongweni ngaphambi kohambo lukaHillary nolwaseNorgay.
Ukusesha le divayisi kuyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza amadokhumenti, izincwadi, kanye nohambo lwesimanje, njengoba ukuthola ikhamera nokuthuthukisa ifilimu yayo ekugcineni—uma kungenzeka—kungabhala kabusha ingxenye yomlando wokukhuphuka izintaba . Kuyisibonelo esidlulele sendlela idivayisi yezithombe engaba ngayo ingxenye ebalulekile ekwakheni kabusha isikhathi esidlule.
Ezingeni lansuku zonke, abanye abafundi babelana ngemicabango yabo ezigabeni zemibono ngezihloko ezifana nokuthwebula izithombe ze-analog, ukuguga, ingcindezi yomphakathi, kanye noshintsho kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngokuvamile, lezi zincwadi zigcizelela ukuthi, naphezu kwentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, sisazisa izinkumbulo ezibonakalayo, izithombe eziphrintiwe, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kobuso nobuso , ngokungafani nokushesha nokuguquguquka kwezokuxhumana.
Le ngxoxo phakathi kwesikhathi esidlule nesamanje, phakathi kwezinkumbulo ezingokoqobo kanye nezingobo zomlando zedijithali, igcwele cishe kuzo zonke izindaba zamanje kanye nezingxoxo mayelana namakhamera. Kunomqondo ovamile wokuthi ubuchwepheshe buzoqhubeka nokuthuthuka, kodwa isidingo somuntu sokuxoxa izindaba, izikhathi zokulondoloza ingcebo, kanye nokwabelana ngazo ngendlela enenjongo sizohlala, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sisefilimini yokudalulwa okungu-36 noma kuvidiyo engu-4K elayishwe ku-inthanethi.
Konke okuzungezile amakhamera namuhla—kusukela kumakhophi omlando eLeica enziwe e-Ukraine kuya emibukisweni yePolaroid, ukwanda kwezithombe okusheshayo, ukuqhathaniswa kwemishini yabadali, amakhamera amancane aqinile, ama-drones alawulwa ngokomthetho, ama-smartphone ane-AI yezithombe, amacala amaphoyisa ahlobene nokuqoshwa, amakhamera endlini yangasese, kanye nombala ohlala njalo we-albhamu yezithombe ephepheni—kudweba isithombe lapho i-analog ne-digital zihlala ndawonye, zingqubuzana, futhi ziphelelisana . Phakathi kwalokhu kuhlanganiswa, izithombe zihlala ziyintambo esivumela ukuthi sibambe izinkumbulo, sixoxe ngezimiso zokuziphatha, sidlale ngobuhlakani, futhi ekugcineni, sizibheke thina nomhlaba ngokunaka okwengeziwe.
