- Izigaba zekhebula (kusukela ku-Cat5e kuya ku-Cat8) zinquma umkhawulokudonsa kanye nesivinini esiphezulu sokudlulisa idatha.
- Izici ezinjengobude obedlulele, ukuntuleka kwesivikelo, kanye nekhwalithi yesixhumi kungabangela ukuvinjelwa kwenethiwekhi.
- Ukukhetha ikhebula elifanele kubalulekile ukuze kuzuze amazinga e-fiber optic asheshayo (1 Gbps noma ngaphezulu).
Ngezinye izikhathi sibhalisela i-inthanethi enamandla kakhulu ye-fiber optic emakethe, kodwa uma senza isivivinyo sejubane, imiphumela ayihlangani kahle. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi inkinga iku-router noma umhlinzeki we-inthanethi, kodwa bayayishaya indiva imininingwane ebalulekile: ikhebula elixhumanisa idivayisi . Kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi ikhebula elidala noma elisezingeni eliphansi lisebenze njengesithiyo, livimbele isivinini esigcwele ukuthi sifinyelele kukhompyutha yethu noma ku-console yomdlalo.
Ukuba nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okuzinzile kubalulekile kulezi zinsuku, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungokokusebenza kude ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka , ukudlala imidlalo eku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokulibala, noma ukujabulela uchungechunge lwe-4K. Nakuba i-Wi-Fi isihambe ibanga elide, ukuxhumeka kwezintambo kusabusa kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokuthembeka. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izintambo ezidalwe zilingana, futhi ukukhetha okungalungile kunganciphisa uxhumano lwakho lwe-1 Gbps lube yi-100 Mbps encane ngaphandle kokuthi wazi ukuthi kungani.
Izigaba zekhebula le-Ethernet: Uyini umehluko?
Ukuze siqonde ukuthi kungani inethiwekhi yakho ihamba kancane, sidinga kuqala ukukhuluma ngezigaba zekhebula (i-CAT). Ngokuyisisekelo, isigaba sichaza imvamisa kanye nomthamo wejubane ikhebula elingawuphatha. Uma isigaba siphezulu, kulapho ikhebula lingadlulisela khona idatha eningi ngasikhathi sinye futhi ngamaphutha ambalwa.
I-Cat5 manje isiyinsalela yesikhathi esidlule, ikhawulelwe ku-100 Mbps. Bese sine -Cat5e , inguqulo ethuthukisiwe, engafinyelela ku-1 Gbps, eyanele emakhaya amaningi. Kodwa-ke, uma ufuna okuthile okuqinile, i-Cat6 iyindlela elinganiselayo, esekela kufika ku-1 Gbps emabangeni amade futhi ifinyelela kufika ku-10 Gbps uma ikhebula lingaphansi kwamamitha angu-55 ubude.
Uma singena ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zobungcweti, sithola i-Cat6a , egcina isivinini esifinyelela ku-10 Gbps ngisho nasebangeni elifinyelela kumamitha ayi-100, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ezikhungweni zedatha. I-Cat7 yengeza ukuvikela okunamandla ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kukagesi, kuyilapho i-Cat8 iyisilo esikhulu kunazo zonke, ifinyelela ku-40 Gbps, yize ububanzi bayo bufushane kakhulu, bukhawulelwe kumamitha angaba ngu-30.
Izinto ezibangela ukulinganiselwa kwesivinini
Akukhona konke ngesigaba esiphrintiwe kukhebula. Izici eziningana zingabangela ijubane lakho ukuthi lehle. Esinye sezibaluleke kakhulu ukuncishiswa kwesignali , okwenzeka lapho ikhebula lide kakhulu. Nakuba indinganiso ithi zingamelana namamitha ayi-100, empeleni, uma indlela yedatha inde, amathuba amaningi okulahleka kwamaphakethe noma isivinini sehle.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuvikela . Kunezintambo ze-UTP (ezingavikelwe) , ezishibhile futhi ezivame kakhulu, kodwa zingaphazanyiswa uma zidlula eduze kwezintambo zikagesi. Izintambo ze-FTP noma ze-STP zifaka ama-foil ensimbi avikela ukugeleza kwedatha, okwenza zibe ezibalulekile ekufakweni okufakwe odongeni ukuvimbela umsindo we-electromagnetic ukuthi ungonakalisi uxhumano.
Asikwazi futhi ukukhohlwa ikhwalithi yezixhumi ze -RJ45 nokuthi ziboshwe kanjani. Ukungaqini kahle noma isixhumi esikhululekile kungavimbela ikhadi lenethiwekhi ukuthi likwazi ukulinganisa isivinini esiphezulu futhi kulishiye libambeke kumodi ye-Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) esikhundleni se-Gigabit Ethernet.
Izixazululo ezisheshayo kanye nokuxilongwa
Uma ubona ukuthi ijubane lekhompyutha yakho libambeke ku-100 Mbps, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukukhipha izinkinga zesofthiwe. Ngezinye izikhathi, izinqubo zangemuva noma isofthiwe ye-antivirus ingadla i-bandwidth. Ukuzama ukuqala kabusha i-Windows noma ukungena kwi-Safe Mode nge-Networking kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi inkinga ikuhlelo noma ihadiwe.
Ngokombono wobuchwepheshe, hlola izilungiselelo zekhadi lakho lenethiwekhi ku-Control Panel. Qiniseka ukuthi izilungiselelo ze -Speed kanye ne-Duplex zisethwe ku-"Auto Negotiation." Uma ikhebula lonakele ngokomzimba, noma ngabe lingabonakali liphukile ngaphandle, izintambo zangaphakathi zingase zingasebenzi, okuphoqa uhlelo ukuthi lunciphise ijubane ukuze lugcine uzinzo.
Kulabo abafuna ukusetha inethiwekhi yabo, ikhambi elifanele ukusebenzisa indinganiso ye-T568B yokuxhuma izintambo bese usebenzisa isihloli sekhebula ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izintambo eziyisishiyagalombili zidlulisa kahle. Uma ibanga liphakeme ngempela (ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-100), ikhambi langempela kuphela ukushintshela kukhebula le -fiber optic , elingahlushwa ukuphazamiseka kukagesi noma ukulahlekelwa kwesignali okufanayo nethusi.
Indlela yokukhetha ikhebula elifanele ngokwendlela oyisebenzisa ngayo
Uma ufuna ukuxhuma i-router ku-TV noma kwi-laptop egumbini elifanayo, ikhebula le -Cat5e UTP lanele futhi lishibhile. Asikho isidingo sokuchitha imali eningi ku-Cat8 uma uxhumano lwakho olunenkontileka lungama-600 Mbps, njengoba ihadiwe ngeke isebenzise leyo bandwidth eyengeziwe.
Kubadlali begeyimu noma abadali bokuqukethwe abathutha amafayela amakhulu kunethiwekhi yendawo (i-NAS), inketho ehlakaniphile kakhulu ukusebenzisa ikhebula le-Cat6 noma le-Cat6a . Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izithiyo nokuthi ukubambezeleka kugcinwa kuncane, okuvumela uxhumano lwe-fiber optic ukuthi lufinyelele amandla alo aphelele.
Uma kukhulunywa ngokufakwa kwekhaya unomphela, kungcono ukusebenzisa izintambo ezivikelwe (S/FTP) ze- 23 AWG gauge , ezinokumelana okuphansi kukagesi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma uzosebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-PoE ukunika amandla amakhamera okuphepha noma izindawo zokufinyelela ze-Wi-Fi ngaphandle kokudinga ezinye iziteshi zokuxhuma.
