Isinqumo sokuthenga iprosesa eyodwa noma enye sincike ezintweni eziningi. Okungukuthi: intengo, isivinini se-CPU, inqolobane, ingqikithi yama-cores... Isidingo sabakhi sokuzivumelanisa nezidingo zabasebenzisi, okuyizinqwaba, sikhiqize cishe inani elingenamkhawulo lamaphrosesa atholakala emakethe.
Abakhiqizi ababili abaphambili bokuphrosesa benze amakhulukhulu emikhiqizo, amabhrendi, nezinhlobo ezihambisana nokuthandwa kanye nezidingo zabathengi. Zisukela kumaphrosesa anamandla aphansi, asebenzisa kancane amakhompyutha aphathekayo esabelomali adizayinelwe imisebenzi elula kakhulu, kuya kumaphrosesa aklanyelwe imisebenzi emikhulu yobungcweti.
Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okujulile kwezici zamaphrosesa we-AMD APU, ahlanganisa ikhadi lemifanekiso ku-processor, silungiselele lo mhlahlandlela wokuthenga. Sizochaza izinketho ezimbili ezitholakalayo ezisekelwe ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo, kanye nomehluko, izinzuzo, kanye nokubi phakathi kwazo.
Izinga lamaphrosesa ahamba phambili e-AMD APU
Amaphrosesa we-APU
Amaphrosesa we-APU (Accelerated Processing Unit) yilawo anekhadi lezithombe elihlanganiswe nephrosesa ngokwayo. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuvumela iphrosesa ukuthi ikhiqize izithombe zegeyimu noma icubungule izithombe kahle kakhulu. Ekuqaleni zaziwa njengochungechunge lwe-'AMD Fusion'.
Yize i-Intel ihlanganisa ikhadi lemifanekiso kuphrosesa ochungechungeni lwayo lwe-Core iX, i-AMD ithole inkampani yamakhadi ehluzo edumile i-ATI, ithuthukisa amaphrosesa amasha ngaphansi kwegama le-APU. Lokhu kwenze i-AMD yaba umholi ekusebenzeni kwehluzo okudidiyelwe namuhla. Amaphrosesa we-AMD Ryzen APU, esizoxoxa ngawo ngokuningiliziwe kulo mhlahlandlela, anamandla kakhulu emakethe esigabeni sawo.
Endabeni ye-Intel, amaphrosesa ahlukaniswa ngohlobo futhi abekwe ngokusebenza, kodwa akunjalo nge-AMD. Lo mkhiqizi usekela amaphrosesa akhe ezakhiweni ezimbili:
- Ugandaganda nokuphuma kokunye
- I-ZEN kanye ne-ZEN+
Kule mindeni emibili, sithola imikhiqizo ehlukene. Ama-APU yilawo ahlanganisa ikhadi lezithombe kuphrosesa ngokwayo, okusho ukuthi amaphrosesa angenayo imininingwane ye-APU azodinga ikhadi elihlukile lemifanekiso. Lokhu kungase kubonakale kukuncane, kodwa kubalulekile ezimweni eziningi kubasebenzisi abaningi.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lawa maphrosesa anamandla kakhulu futhi asebenza kahle kakhulu uma kuziwa emidlalweni kangangokuthi singayithola ishintshiwe ku-PlayStation 4 naku-Xbox One.
Ama-APU e-AMD anokwakhiwa kweBulldozer: i-A-Series
I-AMD's A-Series iwumndeni wama-APU processors asekelwe ekwakhiweni kweBulldozer nokuphuma kokunye okusemakethe njengamanje. Ngaphambilini, i-AMD yethule i-E-Series, eyayiwukucatshangelwa kabusha kwe-"Fusion," umzamo wokuqala womkhiqizi wokuhlanganisa ikhadi lezithombe ku-processor, emuva ngo-2006. Akuzange kufinyelele umvuthwandaba kwaze kwaba yilapho kutholakala u-2010 umkhiqizi wengxenye yehluzo i-ATI.
I-AMD's A-Series yethulwa ngo-2014 ukuze iqhudelane ne-Intel Core i7, futhi nakuba sekudlule iminyaka eminingi, iseyindlela enhle kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukusebenza okuhloniphekile ngaphandle kokutshala imali eningi kuyo.
Lolu chungechunge lwe-A lunezici ezithile okufanele zigqanyiswe. Isibonelo, lusebenzisa amasokhethi e-FM2 kanye ne-FM2+, ngaphandle kwesizukulwane se-9000, esisebenzisa isokhethi ye-AM4, efanayo etholakala kuma-processor e-Ryzen anezithombe ezihlanganisiwe ( G, GE, H ).
Ungawabona kanjani ama-AMD APU A-Series processors?
Lolu chungechunge lwamaphrosesa e-AMD lunenombolo yemodeli enezinombolo nezinhlamvu, sithatha imodeli ye-A8-9600 njengesibonelo singanquma okulandelayo:
I-AMD APU A8 9600
- Incwadi yokuqalaI-'A' ibhekisela ochungechungeni. Njengoba sesibonile, i-AMD yethula uchungechunge lwe-'E' ngo-2011, kwathi ngo-2014, yethula uchungechunge lwamanje lwe-'A'.
- inombolo yokuqala: Kulokhu, u-8, obhekisela enanini lama-cores. 8 nangaphezulu ikhombisa 4 cores. 6 ikhombisa iprosesa eyi-dual-core.
- Inombolo yesibili: Kulokhu, kungu-9, okubonisa ukwakheka kweprosesa. I-9 ibhekisela ku-'Excavator v2,' ukuthuthukiswa okukhishwe ngo-2017. U-8 ubhekisela ku-Excavator, u-7 ubhekisela ku-Steamroller, kanye no-6 ku-Piledriver.
- Incwadi K: Kulokhu, ayikho. Ukube bekunjalo, bekuzokhombisa ukuthi isiphindaphindi sivuliwe, sisekela i-overclocking.
I-AMD iphinde yethula uchungechunge lwama -APU e-Ryzen asekelwe ku-microarchitecture yayo ye-Zen (ezinguqulweni zayo ezahlukene), enikeza zonke izinzuzo zama-CPU amasha ahlanganiswe nokwakhiwa okusha kwe-GPU. Lokhu kunjalo nge-Ryzen 4000 Series yama-laptop, kanye namanye ama-APU ezizukulwaneni ezithile (2000 Series, 3000 Series, 5000 Series, njll.).
Kulesi simo, ngaphezu kwe-CPU esekelwe ku-Zen, izophinde ibe nokusekelwa kwe-socket ye-AM4 kanye nama-GPU amasha ahlanganisiwe avela ochungechungeni lwe-Vega 11, RDNA, kanye ne-RDNA2. Ukuze kutholakale lawa ma-chip, kuzobukeka kanje:
I-AMD APU Ryzen 5 3400G
- inombolo yokuqala: Ibonisa ukuthi mangaki ama-cores i-CPU enawo. Amamodeli amanje e-Ryzen 3 namanye amamodeli e-Ryzen 5 anezinhlamvu ezine. Izinhlobo zakamuva ze-Ryzen 5 zinama-cores ayisithupha, kanti ama-Ryzen 7 APU anezinhlamvu eziyisishiyagalombili.
- Inombolo yesibili: ikhombisa isizukulwane seprosesa, nakuba njengamanje inenombolo eyodwa kuphela, 2, 3, 4, 5...
- Izinhlamvu G, GE, H kanye no-U: ihlukanisa phakathi kwezinguqulo zedeskithophu (G) nezinguqulo zekhompuyutha ephathekayo enamandla aphansi (U), njll.
Ikhadi lehluzo elihlanganisiwe noma ikhadi lehluzo elizinikele?
Sesivele sibuyekeze izici ze-AMD APU futhi sanikeza umbono omfishane wama-Intel processors, kodwa umbuzo usasele: Ingabe iphrosesa enezithombe ezihlanganisiwe, njenge-AMD APU, ingcono kunekhadi lehluzo elizinikele?
Amakhadi ezithombe ahlanganisiwe ashibhile, njengoba uthenga kuphela idivayisi eyodwa ehlanganisa i-CPU ne-GPU. Le nketho ilungele imisebenzi yamavidiyo avamile, njengokubuka ividiyo, ukusakaza ividiyo, noma ukucubungula izithombe kusipredishithi. Vele, amakhadi afana nama-APU we-AMD ayakwazi ukwenza okwengeziwe, kodwa kuzodinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile kule divayisi ukuze kuzuzwe ikhwalithi esiyilindele.
Amakhadi ezithombe ezinikezelwe, okungukuthi, lawo ayidivayisi ngokwawo, anochungechunge lwezinzuzo kanye nokubi okufanele sikugqamise. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bangamadivayisi azimele, anenkumbulo yabo ye-VRAM engabadingi ukuthi basebenzise i-RAM ye-PC, futhi ezimweni eziningi, banesistimu yabo yokupholisa.
Ngokusebenza kwehluzo, ama-GPU ahlanganisiwe amaprosesa e-AMD Ryzen APU (anomklamo weprosesa ye-Zen) adlula kakhulu amaprosesa e-Intel Core i5 kanye ne-i7 , aphatha kalula ihluzo ngesisombululo esingu-720p. Kodwa-ke, uma siqhathanisa ihluzo ezifanayo ku-1080p phakathi kwekhadi lehluzo elihlanganisiwe ku-Ryzen APU kanye nekhadi lehluzo elizinikele, leli lokugcina liyanqoba ngokusobala.
Khumbula ukuthi amakhadi ehluzo azinikele asanikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nehluzo ezihlanganisiwe . Uma wakha i-PC yakho yokudlala, ukukhetha kwakho kucacile: iprosesa ye-AMD kanye nekhadi lehluzo elizinikele lifanelekile. Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wakha i-PC yangokwezifiso noma uthenga eyakhelwe ukusetshenziswa ekhaya (ukuhlola i-imeyili, ukuphequlula iwebhu, ukusakaza noma ukudlala ividiyo, ukudlala imidlalo elula, njll.), amaprosesa e-AMD APU anehluzo ezihlanganisiwe azokwanela kakhulu.
Qaphela! Asisho ukuthi amakhadi e-AMD APU asezingeni eliphansi ; kunalokho, ayizixazululo ezinhle kakhulu! Kodwa kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi uma ungumdlali wegeyimu, ungase udinge amandla engeziwe , futhi lokho uzothola kuphela kumakhadi ehluzo azinikele.
I-AMD APU Vs Intel Core Yikuphi Okungcono?
Lena impikiswano yaphakade: Intel noma AMD. Yikuphi okungcono kimi? Isinqumo sokuthenga eyodwa noma enye sincike kulokho ohlose ukuyisebenzisela ikhompuyutha yakho, kodwa kulokhu, ama-AMD APU processors akwazile ukufanisa, uma kungenjalo, ama-Intel processors angcono kakhulu. Asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi ukuvela kwezakhiwo ze-ZEN kwenze i-Intel yakhulula amaphrosesa anama-cores angu-6 no-8, ngemva kweminyaka yokubambeka kuma-cores angu-4.
Ngakho-ke singanquma ukuthi kukhona onqobayo oyedwa kule mpi? Lutho neze. Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-Intel ne-AMD akulula, ngoba bobabili abakhiqizi banikeza amaprosesa amahle kakhulu ngamanani ancintisanayo kakhulu futhi amazinga okusebenza angacabangeki eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Ukunquma phakathi kwe-Intel Core i7 noma i9 kanye nama-APU e-AMD Ryzen angu-12 noma angu-16 ayisisekelo akuyona into elula . Kuzoncika kakhulu kusabelomali kunekhwalithi, ngoba bobabili abakhiqizi banokuningi abangakunikeza.